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Global Journal of Biochemistry 2012, 3: 8
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Research Article
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Free Article
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Molecular genetics of acute myeloid leukemia
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Sonja Pavlovic, Natasa Tosic
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Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Abstract |
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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of malignant diseases of hematopoietic progenitor cells, with different molecular genetic abnormalities and clinical characteristics. The pathogenesis of AML is a multistep process associated with gradual accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations which affect differentiation, proliferation, self-renewal, cell-cycle control and survival of the cells. The disturbance of these cellular processes eventually leads to malignant transformation of normal hematopoietic progenitors. Acquired genetic alterations in leukemic cells include microscopically detectable chromosome aberrations and submicroscopic gene mutations. Many of them have been shown to have an essential role in pathogenesis and prognosis of the disease and, hence, are already being used in routine molecular screening of AML patients. Insights into the molecular pathogenesis of AML have also led to development of more specific targeted therapy and, consequently, advanced survival of the patients. Today, multiple new antileukemic agents with great potential are in development and in clinical trials.
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Keywords |
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Acute myeloid leukemia; Molecular genetic markers; Molecular targeted therapy
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