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Journal of Nanoscience Letters 2012, 2: 9
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Review Article
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Development and application of capacitive deionization: from aspect of nanocarbon electrodes
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Haibo Li, Likun Pan, Chunyang Nie, Zhuo Sun
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Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 200062
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Abstract |
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Capacitive deionization (CDI), an electrochemical process to treat salty water with low energy operation, low cost and environmental friendliness, has attracted enormous attentions and is not only carried out on lab-scale but also partially commercialized elsewhere. The technology aims to sequester ionic species in the electrochemical double layer that formed at the interface between the solution and porous electrode, therefore resulting in desalination, in which the porous electrode as ions accumulation accepter plays a vital role during adsorption. In this review, several basic aspects associated with CDI, such as the history and development, of various carbon electrode materials including carbon aerogels, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous carbon and graphene, are systematically presented. It summarizes the advantages and disadvantages as well as the limitations of different carbon materials in the application of CDI electrode. In addition, a modified CDI technology, normally called membrane capacitive deionization, as a new raising star in desalination field is briefly introduced as well.
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Keywords |
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Capacitive deionization; Electrosorption; Desalination; Carbon
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